Electromagnetic (electronic) warfare
Electromagnetic radiation (“spectrum”) is essential for modern warfare. What challenges and opportunities does electromagnetic warfare present to the UK?

Technological developments are continually improving the resolution of remote sensing from planes and satellites. Such techniques can provide 24-hour global surveillance in all weathers and are thus of crucial importance to national defence and military operations. But despite all the high technology, human operators remain of paramount importance in interpreting the data. This briefing note reviews the technical challenges and other issues facing the UK in maintaining this military ‘high ground’.
Military Use of Satellite Imagery, September 1999 (98 KB , PDF)
Technological developments are continually improving the resolution of remote sensing from planes and satellites. Such techniques can provide 24-hour global surveillance in all weathers and are thus of crucial importance to national defence and military operations. But despite all the high technology, human operators remain of paramount importance in interpreting the data. This briefing note reviews the technical challenges and other issues facing the UK in maintaining this military ‘high ground’.
Military Use of Satellite Imagery, September 1999 (98 KB , PDF)
Electromagnetic radiation (“spectrum”) is essential for modern warfare. What challenges and opportunities does electromagnetic warfare present to the UK?
Tensions in the Middle East moved to armed conflict in October 2023. What are the implications of the conflict, and how will it affect the UK?
The UK faces potential airborne threats from aircraft, missiles, and drones. What defence is in place, and how can it be improved?