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Transport and infrastructure

  • POSTnote

    Restoring agricultural soils

    Thursday, 20 January, 2022

    Changes to the management of agricultural soil could contribute to improving the ability of soils to produce crops, as well as to wider benefits including mitigating future climate change. This POSTnote summarises the state of England’s agricultural soils and evaluates soil stewardship opportunities. Soil indicators that could be used for monitoring in policy frameworks and incentives relating to soil restoration are explored.

    • POSTnote
    • Environment
    • Food security
    • Transport and infrastructure
  • POSTnote

    Reducing agricultural pressures on freshwater ecosystems

    Wednesday, 19 January, 2022

    Freshwater ecosystems in the UK face a myriad of pressures, with agricultural activities a leading source of impacts. Defra’s Agricultural Transition Plan proposes a “systems” approach to mitigate environmental pressures. This POSTnote first describes the components of UK freshwater catchments, then summarises opportunities for developing a more integrated approach to addressing the pressures that agricultural practices place on freshwaters.

    • POSTnote
    • Environment
    • Food security
    • Transport and infrastructure
  • POSTbrief

    Reducing the whole life carbon impact of buildings

    Thursday, 04 November, 2021

    Buildings contribute a significant proportion of the UK’s carbon emissions and play a key role in achieving net zero emissions targets. This POSTbrief explores the emissions associated with buildings, from design to end of life, and presents an overview of the opportunities for reducing their carbon impact.

    • POSTbrief
    • Environment
    • Transport and infrastructure
  • POSTbrief

    Sustainable land management: managing land better for environmental benefits

    Tuesday, 28 September, 2021

    England is at a historical crossroad for the governance of land and the natural environment. Actions for addressing and adapting to climate change, achieving food security and tackling the biodiversity crisis are all embedded in and depend on how land is managed. Existing Government policy and targets have so far failed to address many of these complexities of land, farming and the natural environment.

    • POSTbrief
    • Environment
    • Food security
    • Transport and infrastructure
  • POSTnote

    Smart Cities

    Wednesday, 22 September, 2021

    "Smart cities" describes places that incorporate a range of technologies (especially those that collect and use data) to address economic, social, and environmental challenges. Projects usually take place in urban areas, but are also deployed in rural settings. This POSTnote looks at smart city innovation in the UK and the technologies involved. It considers the factors driving the adoption of smart city technologies, and the potential benefits, barriers and risks associated with their implementation.

    • POSTnote
    • Crime and justice
    • Digital technologies
    • Education
    • Energy
    • Environment
    • Health and social care
    • Security and defence
    • Transport and infrastructure
  • POSTnote

    Defence of space-based assets

    Wednesday, 15 September, 2021

    Space-based assets (satellites and the terrestrial ground stations that communicate with them) provide critical support to military and civilian operations. They are vulnerable to unintentional damage and disruption, and to deliberate attack. This POSTnote outlines how the UK uses and accesses satellites, potential risks to satellites, and approaches to mitigation.

    • POSTnote
    • Digital technologies
    • Energy
    • Security and defence
    • Transport and infrastructure
  • POSTnote

    Environmental housing standards

    Wednesday, 01 September, 2021

    Buildings have varied impacts on the environment, arising from energy, water and land use as well as the release of pollutants. Residential buildings also affect occupants’ health and wellbeing through their design and placement within the wider environment. This POSTnote summarises the factors affecting a building’s environmental performance, the existing governance framework and the potential opportunities for delivering wider social benefits through relevant standards.

    • POSTnote
    • Energy
    • Environment
    • Transport and infrastructure
  • POSTnote

    Coastal management

    Friday, 16 July, 2021

    The UK coastline is shaped by interactions between complex social, ecological, and physical processes. Increasing coastal flood and erosion risk is a major climate adaptation challenge. This POSTnote examines coastal management in England, associated issues and how an adaptive approach can better prepare the country for uncertain future sea level rise under climate change.

    • POSTnote
    • Environment
    • Transport and infrastructure
  • POSTnote

    Regulating product sustainability

    Thursday, 10 June, 2021

    Products can be designed to maximise life cycle energy- and resource-efficiency, from raw material extraction to end-of-life treatment. This POSTnote outlines key aspects of, and consumer attitudes towards, sustainable products. It considers challenges associated with their design, production, regulation and supporting business models as part of a circular economy. ‘End-of-life’ treatment and value recovery, through reuse, recycling and other methods, are discussed.

    • POSTnote
    • Energy
    • Environment
    • Transport and infrastructure
  • POSTnote

    Low-carbon hydrogen supply

    Thursday, 10 June, 2021

    Hydrogen could play a significant role in tackling climate change. Using it does not produce carbon dioxide, so it could replace fossil fuels in a range of applications. It may also provide valuable energy storage. However, almost all hydrogen production currently results in greenhouse gas emissions. Methods of producing it that do not emit greenhouse gases would need to increase for it to contribute to climate change mitigation. Governments and industry in the UK and abroad are aiming to increase low-carbon hydrogen supply. The UK Government will publish a Hydrogen Strategy in 2021.

    • POSTnote
    • Digital technologies
    • Education
    • Energy
    • Environment
    • Transport and infrastructure
  • POSTnote

    Developing essential digital skills

    Friday, 07 May, 2021

    Digital skills are increasingly important for day-to-day life, including for communication, accessing services and employment. However, around a fifth of the population do not have essential digital skills for life as defined by the UK Government. While research suggests the number of people with basic digital skills has increased in recent years, concerns remain about those who lack them. Experts have highlighted that digitally excluded people may experience various negative impacts, including poorer health outcomes and social isolation This POSTnote gives an overview of digital skills in the UK, the impact of a lack of digital skills on outcomes in areas such as employment and health, and initiatives in place to improve digital skills.

    • POSTnote
    • Digital technologies
    • Education
    • Health and social care
    • Transport and infrastructure
  • Horizon scanning

    An introduction to Research for Parliament 2021

    Thursday, 29 April, 2021

    Experts have helped us find 30 areas of change to help the UK Parliament prepare for the future.

    • Horizon scanning
    • Crime and justice
    • Digital technologies
    • Education
    • Energy
    • Environment
    • Food security
    • Health and social care
    • Security and defence
    • Transport and infrastructure
    • COVID-19
  • Horizon scanning

    The future of UK research: structure and funding

    Thursday, 29 April, 2021

    In its 2017 Industrial Strategy, the UK Government set out a target of investing 2.4% of GDP on R&D by 2027. How is it planning to reach this target? What are the uncertainties emerging from COVID-19 and the withdrawal from the European Union?

    • Horizon scanning
    • Health and social care
    • Security and defence
    • Transport and infrastructure
  • Horizon scanning

    Business priorities post-COVID

    Thursday, 29 April, 2021

    COVID-19, Brexit and consumer behaviours are changing the way businesses operate. What could the impact be on manufacturing, retail and service provision?

    • Horizon scanning
    • Digital technologies
    • Environment
    • Transport and infrastructure
    • COVID-19
  • Horizon scanning

    How technology is accelerating changes in the way we work

    Thursday, 29 April, 2021

    Many organisations have turned to technology during the COVID-19 pandemic to aid social distancing. Could ongoing automation reinforce existing inequalities?

    • Horizon scanning
    • Digital technologies
    • Transport and infrastructure
    • COVID-19

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