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Read our analysis of emerging and complex research areas

How could quantum computers undermine digital security?

Quantum computers could undermine widely used forms of encryption that protect online communications and digital identities. How could they do this, and when will they arrive?
- Digital technologies
How reliant is the UK on other countries for critical space-based technologies?

The UK relies heavily on other countries for critical satellite technology services. How can it become more resilient?
- Digital technologies
- Environment
Supply chains for low carbon electricity infrastructure

The energy transition relies on complex supply chains including mining and manufacturing. How are these supply chains changing and what are the challenges?
- Energy

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Puberty-suppressing hormones for children and young people accessing gender identity services

How has evidence on puberty suppressing hormones for children and young people with gender incongruence evolved since 2023, and what challenges affect its interpretation and use?
- Health and social care
AI models in drug discovery: How are AI models used to design and develop new molecules and treatments evaluated and regulated in the UK?

AI could increase the rate of scientific progress, including in the discovery of new drugs and treatments. How are these tools validated? What safeguards are needed to manage inaccuracy and bias? How does UK regulation apply to AI-selected drug candidates?
- Health and social care
Approved work: NHS screening programmes: Evidence and decision-making

How are decisions about NHS screening programmes made? What evidence is needed? How does evidence influence screening policy?
- Health and social care